CAS: 1310-66-3
MF: LiOH.H2O
Appearance: colourless, hygroscopic crystals
Lithium hydroxide monohydrate (LiOH·H₂O) is a white, crystalline, hygroscopic salt with a molecular weight of 42.0 g/mol and a melting point of 462°C (864°F). Soluble in water and methanol, and sparingly soluble in ethanol and isopropanol, it generates heat upon dissolution and is toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption. Known for its strong alkalinity, it dissociates completely in water and neutralizes acids, making it integral to various industries. It is widely used in lithium-ion battery production, as a thickener for lithium grease, in breathing gas purification, water treatment, corrosion control, and as a fluxing agent in pigments and coatings. Lithium hydroxide monohydrate is produced from lithium carbonate and calcium hydroxide or processed from lithium ores, requiring careful handling due to its corrosive nature.
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